SENTENCE TYPE
 A sentence is a group of words that says something in a fixed structure of grammar and puntuation.


Sentence Structure
Sentence structure can be simple, compound,complex, or compound-complex according to the kinds of clauses in the sentence.


Simple sentence
A simple sentence has one independent or main cluse(one subject -main verb combination).
 Also, the simple sentence can be expanded into a very long sentence,but adding modifiers does not change it´s basic structure. 
Moreover,the simple sentence can have a compound subject(two or more subjects joined by a coordinating conjuctions).

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Examples:
1. My niece is a  beautiful girl.
2. I read a interesting book titled "pride and prejudice" one year ago.
3. My sister and me like listening Christian music.
4. My mother bought me a dress. I don´t like it.
5. Heriberto and Maria were in Suchitoto last week.


Compound sentence
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses without any dependent or subordinate clauses. Sometimes a compound sentence is called a balanced sentence.
The clauses of a compound sentence may be joined either by a semicolon or by a comma and a coordinating conjuction (and, now, but, still, yet, only, while, then, so, so then, for, either...or, neither ...nor, however, therefore, nevertheless.

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Examples:
1. My friend likes the black color, but I like the light blue color.
2. Maricruz is married and she lives in San Salvador.
3. It was very hot, so I took a shower.
4. I cooked a delicious food, so I eat too much.
5. Lourdes was reading a book while she was drinking a cup of coffee.


Complex sentence
A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
The complex sentence may be joined by subordinating conjuctions (that, because, since, as, so that, lest, if, unless, althouhg, while, until, as if, as though, when, why, in order that, whether).

Examples:
1. Rosa never rode the bicycle after she broke her leg.
2. I will stay here until  you feel better.
3. My friend said that she was very happy.
4. I was in my house when suddenly it started to shake.
5. My niece did not go to the school  because she was not feeling well.


Compound-complex sentence
A compound-complex sentence has two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.A compound sentence becomes  a compound-complex sentence when one or more dependent clauses are added to it.

Examples:
1. In our country many people today don´t have a job and some of them can get it because there are not opportunities.


2. I would like to be a flight attendant because it is challenging, so I am going to study very hard.


3. Claudia participated in a contest,so she won the prize because she was the best.


4. Jenny bought the white blouse, but she did not buy the skirt because she did not have enough money.

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Types of sentences by purpose
Declarative, interrogative,imperative, and exclamatory sentences are classifications according to the way the sentence communicates an idea.


Declarative sentence
A declarative sentence makes a statement and ends with a period. Most sentences that explain or persuade are declarative.

Examples:
1. Pablo and Jenny are singing.
2. My cellphone rang.
3. Sara is coming.
4. My grandmother is eating.


Interrogative sentence
An intrrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark.

Example:
1. Where are the keys?
2. What is Mario doing?
3. Are Laura and Flor coming?
4. Is Carmen going shopping today?




Imperative sentence
An imperative sentence is a command and endes with a period.

Examples:
1. Please do not change anything on my homework.
2. Tell me the true.
3. Choose the correct answer.
4. Please sit down.


Exclamatory sentence
An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feeling and ends with an exclamtion mark.

Example:
1. What beautiful weather!
2. How intelligent I am!
3. The nice girl!
4. What wonderful moon!

Clauses
A clause is group of words that has a subject- verb combination in it.

Independent clauses
Independent clauses ( also called main  clauses) can be punctuated as separate sentence.They may be long or short.
Example: 
The dog ran down the street.


The sentence above are independent clauses. They have a subject and verb .


Dependent clause
Dependent clauses (also called subordinated clauses) cannot be punctuate as complete sentences except in direct quotations in some traditional uses.


1. A dependent clause must be attached to an independent clause.
Example:
               
         dependent clause                                              independent clause    
When the alarm clock rang,   I woke up.


2. A dependent clause may be marked or unmarked.
Example:
                             marker
This is the story   that   my sister read.


This is the story my sister read. unmarked: (that is left out)


3. A dependent clause acts in the sentence like an adjective, an adverb, or a noun.


Adjective clauses
Like a single- word adjectived, an adjective clause modifies a noun or pronoun.


Examples:
1. Lourdes is the woman who cooked a delicious food.
2. My mother is someone who gives me support.
3. Books that contains important information are very interesting.

Adverb clauses
Like a single-word adverb , an adverb clauses tells when (time), where (place), how (manner), why (cause), and what extent (degree).
Examples:
1. When lily went out, it was snowing.
2. Although the exam was very difficult, I got an excellent calification.
3. Before you take a decision, you should think very well.

Noun clauses
A noun clause can replace a single-word noun, a pronoun, or a noun phrase as subject of the sentence.
Examples:
1. Silvia knew what Jane had really said.
2. Whatever teacher says is easy to understand.
3. Pablo did not know why he was happy.

The eight parts of speech are very important when you want to write or say something  correctly.

Nouns: 

A noun is a name that is used to refer  to places, things, animals, qualities  or ideas.
Besides, it`s very important to mention that the nouns are divided into common nouns,proper nouns, abstract nouns,concrete nouns and collective nouns.

• Common nouns are words for people,animals,places,or things.
• Proper nouns are names for particular people,places, or things.they always begin with a capital letter.
• Abstract nouns are names for qualities, characteristics, or ideas.
• Concrete nouns are names for objects that can be perceived by the senses.
• Collective nouns are words for groups of people, animals or things.

Examples:
1. Marta is reading an interesting book.
2. San Vicente is a beautiful place.
3. The computer is very useful for doing your homeworks.
4. The respect is very important that all people have it.

Pronouns:

The pronoun is a word that  sustitutes a common noun and proper noun, that is, you can write "it" to refer to a house or another thing.Also, you can use the pronouns "she,he, they" to refer to Silvia, Peter and parents.
There are different kinds of pronouns and theses are the following:


- Personal pronouns: 
The words I, you, he, she, it, we and they are called personal pronouns.They takes the places of a nouns and are used as the subject of the verb in a sentence.


- Interrogative pronouns: 
The words who,whom,whose,what, and which are called interrogative pronouns.These pronouns are used to ask questions.


- Demostrative Pronouns: 
The words this, these, that, and those are called demostrative pronoun.They are showing words.


- Relative prouns:
The words who,whose,that,whom and which are called relative pronouns. Theses are used to introduce subornate clauses.


- Infinitive pronouns:
Some words such as another, nobody and both among other are called infinitive pronouns. Theses refer generally,not specifically, to persons, places, or things.


Examples:
1. He had a good time in Suchitoto.He enjoyed see the beautiful lake.
2.They cut many trees in the forest.
3. I want to eat something very delicious.
4. She plays soccer everyday because this is her favorite sport.
5. My name is Ana. I am the youngest in the family.
6. This is the blouse that my mother gave me.
7. Who is this person?

Verbs:

The verb is very important in a sentence because this gives sense to the action that we do,that is, this has sense for itself.Moreover, we use it to demostrate how we feel.
Also, we should know that the action verbs  can or not take an object, that is to say, the verbs can be transitive verbs that take objects and intransitive verbs that express action without a object. Moreover, there are others verbs such as the linking verbs and verbs phrases.


Examples:
1. Laura was singing a nice song in a concert.
2. Ana was happy for her party.
3. Cindy was doing the English Grammar homework.
4. My cousin takes the dog for a walk  every morning.

Adverbs:

The adverb is very useful when we want to describe a verb, adjective or another adverb.
Besides that, there are different  types of adverbs and theses are the next:

• The adverbs of manner describe the way to sometning is done.
• The adverbs of time describe when something happens.
• The adverbs of place tell you where something happens.

Examples:
1. Heriberto ate his lunch very quickly.
2. Maria oponed the door slowly because she was afraid.
3. Suddenly, the ray fell down on the tree.
4. Miraculously, he is with life.
5. I often study in the evening.
6. The children are playing downstairs.

Adjectives:

A adjective is a describing word.It tells you more about a noun.
If  you want to describe a person, place, animal, or something ,you need a adjective.Moreover, it´s important to know that a adjective could be before a noun or in another position.
 Examples:


1. My cousin  has blue eyes and she is very cute.
2. I  was in an interesting meeting yesterday.
3. My friend is amaible and very funny.
4. My niece`s hands are very small.

Conjuctions:

A conjuction is a linking word such as and, or, but. Conjuctions are used to connect words or sentences,that is, the conjuctions are very importat when you want to write a paragraph or sentences because  you have to join many words for a better presentation
Moreover, it`s important to mention that exist three kinds of conjuctions: coordinating, correlative, and subordinating.


Examples:
1. I studied very hard because I had a exam.
2. It was very cold, so we wore two sweaters.
3. I bought this blouse, but I didn`t like it.
4. Last night, I stayed home and read many books.

Prepositios:

A preposition is a word that connects one thing with another, showing how they are relate.
Some prepositions tell you about time and position or places.


Examples.
1. I lived in San Sebastian from 1991 to 2011.
2. My sister was born in 1993.
3. Carlos likes to go to beautiful places on weekend.
4. My cousins played soccer for three hours.

Interjections:

An interjection is word that express a sudden, strong feeling such as suprise,pain, or pleasure.That is to say, through of the interjections you can express your emotions.


Examples:
1. Oh, I really need to learn English very well because it`s very important for me.
2. Wow, you are the best singer that I have heard.
3. Ah, now I know that the parts of the speech are eight.
4. My classmate and I were at the library and she was talking too much, therefore, I told her: Ssh!


This sentence contains eight parts of speech:
Wow! This dress is very beautiful and it has my favorite color definitly, it`s perfect for me.


Video about eight parts of the speech.

Exercises for practicing the eight parts of speech.
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/parts-of-speech_quiz.htm